https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8784-354X
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Abstract
Various decoupling methods were proposed and investigated for multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) Base Station (BS) systems. These methods can effectively decouple the dual-polarized co-polar signal but fail to decouple the cross-polarized signal, similarly limiting the BS's overall decoupling performance. In this paper, different antenna arrays are designed to illustrate the coupling mechanism of cross-polarized BS antennas, and a comprehensive study of the relationship between antenna configurations and mutual couplings is conducted. It is shown that compact size antenna elements enlarge the edge-to-edge separation, and the loop-shaped dipole elements reduce the cross-polarization couplings. Finally, the array-antenna decoupling surface (ADS) method is applied in a 2×2 array composed of the designed antennas. Thanks to the improved antenna unit, the decoupling task is eased, and a better decoupling performance is achieved compared with the original ADS work.
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No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).
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Notes on contributors
Yiran Da
Yiran Da received received the B.S. degree in information engineering from Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China, in 2020, where she is currently pursuing the M.S. degree in electronics science and technology. Her current research interests include base station antenna design and mutual coupling reduction.
Xiaoming Chen
Xiaoming Chen received the B.Sc. degree in electrical engineering from Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China, in 2006, and M.Sc. and PhD degrees in electrical engineering from Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden, in 2007 and 2012, respectively. From 2013 to 2014, he was a postdoctoral researcher at the same University. From 2014 to 2017, he was with Qamcom Research & Technology AB, Gothenburg, Sweden, where he was involved in the EU H2020 5GPPP mmMAGIC project (on 5G millimeter-wave wireless access techniques). Since 2017, he has been a professor at Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China. His research areas include 5G multi-antenna techniques, over-the-air (OTA) testing, and reverberation chambers. He has coauthored one book, two book chapter, more than 80 journal papers on these topics. Prof. Chen serves as an Associate Editor (AE) for the journal of IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters (AWPL). He was also a Guest Editor of a Special Cluster on “5G/6G enabling antenna systems and associated testing technologies” in AWPL and a Special Issue on “Metrology for 5G Technologies” in the journal of IET Microwaves, Antennas & Propagation. He received the URSI (International Union of Radio Science) Young Scientist Awards in 2017 and 2018, and the IEEE outstanding AE awards in 2018, 2019 and 2020.
Mengting Li
Mengting Li received the B.S. degree in information engineering and M.S. degree in electronic science and technology from Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China in 2017 and 2020, respectively. She is now with Aalborg University. Her current research interests include base station antenna design and mutual coupling reduction.
Zhenyuan Zhang
Zhenyuan Zhang received the B.S. degree in electronic science and engineering from the Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China, in 2011, and the M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in electronic engineering from The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, in 2013 and 2019, respectively. He is now with Xi'an Jiaotong University. His current research interests include miniaturized broadband dual-polarized antenna and decoupling techniques for large-scale array antennas.
Azremi Abdullah Al-Hadi
Azremi Abdullah Al-Hadi was born in Michigan, USA, in August 26. He received the M.Sc. degree in communication engineering from Birmingham University, U.K., in 2004, and the D.Sc. degree in technology from Aalto University, Finland, in 2013.
His current research interests include design and performance evaluation of multielement antennas, mobile terminal antennas and their user interactions, and wireless propagation. He is currently working as an Associate Professor and holds a position as the Dean of the School of Computer and Communication Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), where he has been with the School of Computer and Communication Engineering, since 2002.
Dr. Al-Hadi is active in volunteering work with the IEEE Malaysia Section, acting as the Vice Chair of the IEEE Antenna Propagation/Microwave Theory Techniques/Electromagnetic Compatibility (AP/MTT/EMC) Malaysia Chapter, and the Counselor of the IEEE UniMAP Student Branch. He is a Chartered Engineer of the Institution of Engineering and Technology (IET), U.K., a member of the Board of Engineers Malaysia (BEM), Malaysia, and a Graduate Technologist of the Malaysia Board of Technologist (MBOT), Malaysia. He was a recipient of the Best Student Paper Award presented at the Fifth Loughborough Antennas and Propagation Conference (LAPC 2009) and the CST University Publication Award, in 2011.
Anxue Zhang
Anxue Zhang received his B.S. degree in electrical engineering from Henan Normal University in 1996 and the M.S. degree and the Ph.D. degree in electromagnetic and microwave engineering from Xi’an Jiaotong University in 1999 and 2003, respectively. He is now a professor at Xi’an Jiaotong University. His main research fields include antenna and electromagnetic wave propagation, RF and microwave circuit design, and metamaterials.
Ahmed A. Kishk
Ahmed A. Kishk obtained his Ph.D. degrees in 1986 from the University of Manitoba, Canada. In 1986, he joined the University of Mississippi first as an Assistant Professor and then a Professor. Since 2011, he has been a Professor at Concordia University, Canada, as Tier 1 Canada Research Chair in Advanced Antenna Systems. He is a distinguished lecturer for the Antennas and Propagation Society (2013–2015). He was an Editor of Antennas & Propagation Magazine (1993–2014). He was an Editor-in-Chief of the ACES Journal from 1998 to 2001. He was a Guest Editor of the special issue on artificial magnetic conductors, soft/hard surfaces, and other complex surfaces, in the IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, 2005. He was the 2017 AP-S president. His research interest includes millimeter wave antennas, beamforming network, dielectric resonator antennas, microstrip antennas, EBG, etc. He has published over 340-refereed Journal articles and 450 conference papers. He is a co-author of four books and several book chapters and the editor of three books. Prof. Kishk won the 1995 and 2006 outstanding paper awards for the Applied Computational Electromagnetic Society Journal. He received the 1997 Outstanding Engineering Educator Award from Memphis section of the IEEE. He received the Outstanding Engineering Faculty Member of the Year in 1998 and 2009, Faculty research award for outstanding performance in research in 2001 and 2005. He received the Award of Distinguished Technical Communication for the entry of IEEE Antennas and Propagation Magazine, 2001. He also received The Valued Contribution Award for outstanding Invited Presentation from the Applied Computational Electromagnetic Society. He received the Microwave Theory and Techniques Society, Microwave Prize 2004 and 2013 Chen-To Tai Distinguished Educator Award of the IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society. He is a Fellow of IEEE since 1998, Fellow of Electromagnetic Academy, and a Fellow of the Applied Computational Electromagnetics Society (ACES).