Abstract
A metamaterial lens was designed based on a two-dimensional host transmission line network loaded with inductors and capacitors. The planar negative refractive index (NRI) periodic structure, consisting of a unit cell array with a concave side, works as a curved lens matched to free space operating at S-Band. An equivalent unit cell dispersion relation was developed to determine the transmission characteristics at the operating frequency range. The challenge in the metamaterial lens design is to increase the focal distance. In the simulated system, a high energy level throughout a focal region was observed in the whole frequency range. An equivalent bulky material is used as a resource to reduce computational effort.
Disclosure statement
No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).
Additional information
Funding
Notes on contributors
Juscelino Junior de Oliveira
Juscelino Junior de Oliveira received the B.Sc. in Control and Automation Engineering and M.Sc. in Electrical Engineering from Pontifical Catholic University of Minas Gerais, in 2016 and 2019, respectively. His major research interests include computational electromagnetics, hardware and software development with Java, Python, C and C++, IoT, automation and robotics, modeling and 3D printing, microcontrollers, and embedded systems.
Lucas Douglas Ribeiro
Lucas Douglas Ribeiro received the B.Sc. and M.Sc. in Electrical Engineering from Pontifical Catholic University of Minas Gerais, in 2018 and 2021, respectively. His major research interests include computational electromagnetics, metamaterials, electric power systems, mathematical modeling, and optimization.
Elson José da Silva
Elson José da Silva received the B.Sc. and M.Sc. degrees in Electrical Engineering from the Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG-Belo Horizonte), Brazil, in 1987 and 1991, respectively, and the Ph.D. degree in Electrical Engineering from The University of Akron, Akron-OH, USA, in 2000. Since 1991, he has been at the Federal University of Minas Gerais where he is currently an Associate Professor of the Electrical Engineering Department. His major research interests are in numerical methods and scientific computing applied to computational electromagnetics. Specific PDE methods of interest include Discrete Exterior Calculus, the Generalized/Extended Finite Element Method and Meshless Methods. He has developed various computational techniques to enhance the FEM performance in electromagnetism. He has refined numerical techniques to solve problems in electromagnetic scattering, ground penetrating radars, and microwave heating. Currently, he is working on electromagnetic metamaterials, mesh truncation using curved PML, Hodge matrix computation, and FEM with plane wave enrichment.
Rose Mary de Souza Batalha
Rose Mary de Souza Batalha received the B.Sc. and M.Sc. degrees in Electrical Engineering from the Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG-Belo Horizonte), Brazil, in 1984 and 1995, respectively, and the Ph.D. degree in Electrical Engineering from The University of Akron, Akron-OH, USA, in 2000. Since 1989, she has been at the Pontifical Catholic University of Minas Gerais where she is currently an Associate Professor of the Electrical Engineering Department. Her major research interests are electric power systems, electromagnetic compatibility, numerical methods, and scientific computing applied to computational electromagnetics. She is currently working on metamaterials structures and their applications such as metamaterials lenses, metamaterials-inspired antennas and THz lens absorbers.