Vanadium dioxide-based H-shaped terahertz metasurface for beam modulation

Abstract

Metasurfaces have become increasingly crucial in applications involving electromagnetic beam modulation. Herein, an H-shaped terahertz (THz) metasurface based on vanadium dioxide (VO₂) is proposed to achieve an equal reflectivity amplitude of approximately 0.7 and a phase difference of 180° when VO₂ is in the insulating and metallic states, with the deviation less than 0.3%. The distribution of the electromagnetic field indicates that the constant amplitude inversion phenomenon is caused by the mode change from three-quarter wavelength resonance to surface plasmon resonance. The proposed metasurface unit has a minimum size of 26.6 µm, which reduces the cost of fabrication. Additionally, five feasible size-designing schemes are proposed, in which the amplitude varies in a narrow range of 0.675–0.685 with a phase difference of 180°, solving the potential problem of dimensional distortion caused by manufacturing process limitations. This structure provides a new way for the development of high-precision and low-cost intelligent THz metasurfaces.

KEYWORDS:

• Terahertz
• metasurface
• beam modulation
• plasmon resonance

Acknowledgements

Lianjie Li: Data curation; Formal analysis; Investigation; Software; Visualization; Writing – original draft. Yaxuan Han: Formal analysis; Software. Baoyu Yang: Investigation. Yong Juan: Data curation. Zhao Chen: Project administration; Supervision; Validation; Writing – review & editing. Junying Zhang: Project administration; Supervision; Validation; Writing – review & editing. Zhiling Hou: Funding acquisition; Methodology; Project administration; Resources; Supervision; Validation; Writing – review & editing. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

Data availability statement

The datasets generated during the current study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

Additional information

Funding

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 62175010).