Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Features of Paradoxical Worsening in Tubercular Multifocal Serpiginoid Choroiditis

ABSTRACT

Purpose: To describe optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) features of lesions of tubercular multifocal serpiginoid choroiditis (TB MSC) that developed paradoxical worsening (PW).

Methods: In this prospective study, subjects with TB MSC who developed PW upon initiation of anti-tubercular therapy were included. Multimodal imaging was performed using OCTA, enhanced-depth imaging OCT, fluorescein angiography (FA), and indocyanine green angiography (ICGA). Morphologic changes in the retinochoroidal vasculature during progression of TB MSC were assessed on OCTA.

Results: Five subjects (4 males, 1 female) were included in the study. PW of the lesions was associated with increased areas of choriocapillaris flow void on en face OCTA in all eyes. The lesions showed partial healing in the center and continuous progression at the active edges. Two eyes showed development of vascular tufts on OCTA as the lesions progressed.

Conclusions: OCTA provides high-resolution imaging of progressive choriocapillaris hypoperfusion among TB MSC patients developing PW of the disease.

Keywords:

• Indocyanine green angiography
• intraocular tuberculosis
• Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction
• multifocal serpiginoid choroiditis
• optical coherence tomography angiography
• paradoxical worsening

DECLARATION OF INTEREST

The authors report no conflicts of interest. The authors alone are responsible for the content and preparation of this article.

Funding

This work was partly supported by a grant from Department of Science and Technology, India for the development of Centre of Excellence at the Advanced Eye Centre, PGIMER Chandigarh.

Additional information

Funding

This work was partly supported by a grant from Department of Science and Technology, India for the development of Centre of Excellence at the Advanced Eye Centre, PGIMER Chandigarh.