The Presence of Uveitis Is Associated with a Sustained Response to the Interleukin (IL)-1 Inhibitors Anakinra and Canakinumab in Behçet’s Disease

ABSTRACT

Purpose: To identify factors associated with sustained response to interleukin (IL)-1 inhibition among demographic, clinical and therapeutic data in patients with Behçet disease (BD).

Methods: BD patients treated with anakinra or canakinumab were enrolled. Patients were divided into two groups according to the clinical response: group 1 included subjects showing a treatment duration of at least 52 weeks and no secondary inefficacy during the first follow-up year; the remaining patients were included in the group 2. Demographic, clinical and therapeutic data were analyzed to identify significant differences between groups.

Results: Eighteen patients were included in group 1 and 18 patients in group 2. A better response to IL-1 inhibitors was significantly more common among patients with BD-related uveitis (p = 0.006) and patients with a longer disease duration (p = 0.03).

Conclusion: IL-1 blockade is effective in BD, especially in the subset of patients presenting eye involvement and in those with long-lasting disease.

Keywords:

• Anakinra
• biologics
• canakinumab
• treatment
• uveitis

Declaration of Interest

The authors report no conflicts of interest. The authors alone are responsible for the conduct and writing of the article.