Persistent Placoid Maculopathy: Prognosis Factors and Functional Outcomes

ABSTRACT

Purpose: To identify prognosis factors and functional outcomes of persistent placoid maculopathy (PPM).

Methods: We collected personal PPM cases and combined them with the data from the literature.

Results: 68 eyes of 37 patients with PPM were analyzed, including six new cases. Twenty-six patients were men (70%) with a mean age of 51.8 years old. The mean initial visual acuity (VA) was 0.52 LogMar ± 0.55 for a mean final VA of 0.49 LogMar ± 0.51. Risk factors for poor VA included: initial VA less than 0.2 LogMar (p < .0001), cardiovascular risk factor (p = .008), autoimmune-related and/or systemic pro-inflammatory conditions (p = .003), choroidal neovascularization (p = .001), macular atrophy (p = .03) and absence of systemic corticosteroid treatment (p = .03).

Conclusion: PPM is a choroidal inflammation. Identifying prognosis factors may help to guide treatment and follow-up. We showed that anti-inflammatory drugs, and anti-VEGF injections in cases of choroidal neovascularization, may lead to better outcomes.

Keywords:

• Choriocapillaritis
• choroidal neovascularization
• multimodal imaging
• persistent placoid maculopathy
• prognosis factors

Acknowledgments

Authors would like to thank Dr Flore De Bats, Mr Franck Thomas and Dr Violaine Marthelot for imaging analysis of their cases. The authors also thank M. Anderson Loundou for his help with statistical analysis (Aix-Marseille University, Methodological Assistance Unit).

Declaration of interest statement

The authors have no conflicts of interest in relation to this article.