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Abstract
We characterize the entanglement in position and momentum of photon pairs generated in type-II parametric down-conversion. Coincidence maps of the photon positions in the near-field and far-field planes are observed in two transverse dimensions using scanning fiber probes. We estimate the covariance matrix of an effective two-mode system and apply criteria for entanglement based on covariance matrices to certify space–momentum entanglement. The role of higher-order spatial modes for observing spatial entanglement between the two photons is discussed.
Acknowledgements
Robert Elsner is acknowledged for strong support in programming the fiber stages.