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The nonlinear power limiting processes in silica and air are investigated for picosecond pulses at the KrF wavelength. The two-photon absorption coefficient and the nonlinear refractive index in silica are measured to be 0·06 cm GW−1 and 1·7 × 10−13 e.s.u. respectively. A mechanism for the rapid spectral broadening in air based on Raman-enhanced four-wave mixing is proposed. Experimental evidence supporting this hypothesis is presented.
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