Partitioning and segregation of trace element Sn in a low-alloy steel

Abstract

The partitioning of the trace element Sn into Cu-rich precipitates in a low-alloy pressure-vessel steel has been characterized using the three-dimensional atom probe (3DAP) technique. This investigation has revealed for the first time that the trace element Sn, present at only 0.007 at.% in the steel, partitions strongly to both small spherical precipitates (<4 nm in diameter) and to large non-spherical precipitates (largest dimension 10–50 nm) during thermal ageing. Sn was also seen to segregate strongly to the precipitate/matrix interface of a large Cu precipitate and particularly in the region where a dislocation appears to intersect the precipitate. The strong attraction of large solute atoms to special sites probably drives the interfacial segregation of Sn. This is consistent with the observation of stronger segregation of Sn to the interface of large precipitates than to the coherent interface of smaller precipitates.

Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank Dr D. Ellis and Mr. T. Williams for helpful discussions. This research is funded by Rolls-Royce plc. We also wish to thank an anonymous referee, whose very careful reading of our original manuscript has led to substantial improvements in this paper.