In situ observations of deformation recovery on and near the surfaces of Eu₂, O₃, crystal

Abstract

The deformation recovery of Eu₂O₃ crystal under electron irradiation has been investigated by using the profile-imaging method. It was found that the deformation on the {111} surfaces was by means of surface stacking fault or surface partial dislocations. The deformation recovery of the bulk was mainly through the moving of dislocations off the surfaces, which often left steps with an atomic layer spacing on the surfaces.