Asymptomatic postmenopausal women: what are the risk factors for endometrial malignancies? A multicentric retrospective study

Abstract

Objective

To evaluate the prevalence and risk factors for endometrial malignancies in asymptomatic postmenopausal women.

Methods

Multicentric retrospective analytical study in two Brazilian Reference Centers. All women without postmenopausal bleeding who were submitted to hysteroscopy with biopsy were included (1665). Excluded women without anatomopathological results (625) and whose medical records were incomplete (37). The variables analyzed were age; parity; body mass index; duration of menopausal status; systemic arterial hypertension; diabetes mellitus; use of hormone replacement therapy; use of tamoxifen; duration of use of tamoxifen; endometrial thickness and biopsy results.

Results

The frequency of endometrial malignancies in asymptomatic postmenopausal women was 2.39%. Endometrial thickness ≥8 mm increased the chance of endometrial malignancies, even more, with an endometrial thickness ≥12.55 mm the chance of endometrial malignancies increased by 4.68 times (p < .001 and 95% CI: 1.99–11.03).

Conclusion

The prevalence of endometrial malignancies was low and the only risk factor for endometrial malignancies in asymptomatic postmenopausal women was endometrial thickness.

绝经后无症状女性:子宫内膜恶性肿瘤的危险因素是什么?多中心回顾性研究摘要

目的：探讨绝经后无症状女性子宫内膜恶性肿瘤的患病率及危险因素。

方法：在巴西两个参考中心进行多中心回顾性分析研究。纳入了所有绝经后出血并接受宫腔镜活检的女性(1665例)。排除了没有病理结果的女性(625)和病历记录不完整的女性(37)。分析的变量为：年龄；孕产次；身体质量指数；更年期持续时间；系统性动脉高血压；糖尿病；应用激素替代治疗；应用它莫西芬；应用他莫昔芬的治疗时间；子宫内膜厚度和活检结果。

结果：绝经后无症状女性子宫内膜恶性肿瘤发生率为2.39%。子宫内膜厚度≥8 mm增加了子宫内膜恶性肿瘤的机会, 更有甚者, 子宫内膜厚度≥12.55 mm时, 子宫内膜恶性肿瘤的风险增加了4.68倍(p <.001和95% CI: 1.99-11.03)。

结论：绝经后无症状女性子宫内膜恶性肿瘤的患病率较低, 子宫内膜厚度是唯一的危险因素。

Keywords:

• Endometrial cancer
• endometrial thickness
• hysteroscopy
• transvaginal ultrasound

Disclosure statement

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.