Maternal, umbilical arterial metabolic levels and placental Nrf2/CBR1 expression in pregnancies with and without 25-hydroxyvitamin D deficiency

Abstract

Background

The aim of this case–control study was to document maternal, umbilical arterial metabolic levels and correlations in pregnancies with and without 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] deficiency, while, also investigating the expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) and carbonyl reductase 1 (CBR1) in the placenta.

Methods

One hundred participants, 50 deficient for 25(OH)D and 50 normal, were recruited from among hospitalized single-term pregnant women who had elected for cesarean section. Umbilical arterial and placental samples were collected during cesarean section. Metabolic levels were assessed for the 25(OH)D deficiency and control groups’ maternal, umbilical arterial samples. Nrf2 and CBR1 expression levels were investigated in the placentas of 12 pregnant women with 25(OH)D deficiency and 12 controls.

Results

Compared with the control participants, the 25(OH)D deficient women had significantly higher triglyceride (TG) levels (3.80 ± 2.11 vs. 2.93 ± 1.16 mmol/L, 3.64 ± 1.84 vs. 2.81 ± 1.16 mmol/L, p < .01, .001); lower high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels (1.54 ± 0.32 vs. 1.82 ± 0.63 mmol/L, 1.41 ± 0.72 vs. 2.44 ± 1.68 mmol/L, p < .001, .01) in both material blood and the umbilical artery. In addition, Nrf2 and CBR1 expression levels were lower in the maternal 25(OH)D deficient placenta.

Conclusion

25(OH)D deficient pregnant women have higher TG levels and lower HDL-C levels in both material blood and the umbilical artery. TG level is negatively correlated with 25(OH)D in both the maternal serum and infant umbilical artery. 25(OH)D deficiency also lowers placental expression of Nrf2 and CBR1.

Supplemental data for this article is available online at here.

伴或不伴25-羟维生素D缺乏症孕妇的母体、脐动脉代谢水平和胎盘Nrf2/CBR1的表达 摘要

背景:本病例对照研究的目的是记录伴或不伴25-羟维生素D [25(OH)D]缺乏症孕妇的母体、脐动脉代谢水平及其相关性, 同时研究核因子红系2相关因子2 (Nrf2)和羰基还原酶1 (CBR1)在胎盘中的表达。

方法:从选择剖宫产的住院单胎孕妇中招募100名受试者, 50名25(OH)D缺乏者和50名正常者。剖宫产时采集脐动脉和胎盘样本, 对25(OH)D缺乏组和对照组的产妇、脐动脉样本进行代谢水平评估。研究了12例25(OH)D缺乏孕妇和12例对照组胎盘中Nrf2和CBR1的表达水平。

结果:无论在血液还是在脐动脉中, 与对照组相比, 25(OH)D缺乏女性的甘油三酯水平显著升高(3.80±2.11 vs . 2.93±1.16 mmol/L, 3.64±1.84 vs . 2.81±1.16 mmol/L, p < .01, . 001)；高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)水平降低(1.54 0.32 vs. 1.82 0.63毫摩尔/升, 1.41 0.72 vs. 2.44 1.68毫摩尔/升, p < .001, . 01)。此外, Nrf2和CBR1在母体25(OH)D缺乏的胎盘中表达水平较低。

结论:25(OH)D缺乏孕妇的物质血和脐动脉中TG水平较高, HDL-C水平较低。孕妇血清和婴儿脐动脉TG水平与25(OH)D呈负相关。25(OH)D缺乏也会降低胎盘中Nrf2和CBR1的表达。本文的补充数据可在此在线获取。

Keywords:

• 25(OH)D deficiency
• metabolic levels
• nuclear factor erythroid 2 related factor 2
• carbonyl reductase 1

Author contributions

All the authors participated in the planning and conduction of this study and approved the final version. JQZ was responsible for designing the review protocol. HYC and HPZ were responsible for writing the protocol and report and conducting the search. HPZ and HX was responsible for screening potentially eligible studies. JYZ, MML, JJC, YT, JJ was responsible for extracting and analysing data. JY and CCS was responsible for interpreting results. XMX was responsible for updating reference lists.

Ethics approval and consent to participate

The study was performed based on an informed consent and was approved by the Ethics ethical Committee of the Third Clinical Institute affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.

Disclosure statement

The authors declared that they have no conflicts of interest in this work.

Additional information

Funding

This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province (No. LY13H040010, LQ18H040002) and the project of Wenzhou Municipal Science and Technology (No. Y20180026, No. Y2020518).