Sleep quality and excessive daytime sleepiness in women with Premenstrual Syndrome

Abstract

Objective

Examine the relationship between Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) and sleep in different menstrual cycle phases.

Methods

Case-control survey conducted at the Primary Care Service and Clinical Research Center at Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre with women aged between 18 and 45 years old. Women filled the Brazilian version of the Premenstrual Symptoms Screen Tool (PSST) for the screening of PMS; participants with positive screening completed the Daily Record of Severity of Problems (DRSP) to confirm PMS diagnosis. We applied the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) Brazilian versions in the luteal phase (LP) and follicular phase (FP).

Results and Conclusion

69 women were characterized with PMS and 52 without PMS. The risk of poor sleep quality (SQ) was two times higher in women with PMS (p = .006; OR = 3.057; IC95% 1.44–6.45). An interaction between no PMS and LP was found in ESS (p = .014; generalized estimating equation – GEE - adjusted for multiple comparisons by the Bonferroni test and adjusted by age); besides that, women with PMS had greater scores in ESS (p = .022; GEE adjusted by age).

睡眠质量和白天过度嗜睡在经前期综合征女性中的研究 摘要

目的：检测在不同的月经周期中, 经前综合征与睡眠之间的关系。

方法：在阿雷格里港克利尼卡医院的初级保健服务和临床研究中心对18至45岁的妇女进行病例对照研究。通过巴西版本经前症状筛查工具（PSST）筛查经前综合症女性；筛查阳性的参与者完成问题严重程度的每日记录, 以确认经前综合征的诊断。我们在黄体期（LP）和卵泡期（FP）应用了匹兹堡睡眠质量指数（PSQI）和巴西版埃普沃思嗜睡量表（ESS）进行评分。

结果和结论：受试者中69名女性患有经前综合征, 52名女性没有经前综合征。在患有经前综合症的女性中, 睡眠质量差的风险（SQ）高出两倍(p ＝.006; OR ＝3.057; IC95% 1.44–6.45) 。在埃普沃思嗜睡量表（ESS）中未发现经前综合征与黄体期之间的关系（P＝.014；广义估计方程——GEE—根据Bonferroni检验进行多重比较调整, 并根据年龄进行调整）；除此以外, 患有经前综合征的女性在埃普沃思嗜睡量表中得分更高(p ＝ .022; GEE根据年龄进行调整) 。

Keywords:

• Premenstrual Syndrome
• sleepiness
• sleep
• sleep disorder
• intrinsic
• disorders of excessive somnolence

Acknowledgments

This work was supported by grants from the Events Incentive Funding (FIPE) — Clinical Hospital of Porto Alegre (HCPA, Porto Alegre/RS, Brazil). Additionally, we would like to express our deepest gratitude to the women, for their time and patience throughout this study.

Ethical approval

All procedures were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

Disclosure statement

None of the authors have any conflicts of interest with this study, whether financial or of any other nature.

Geolocation information

Our study was performed in Porto Alegre, a city in southern Brazil.

Data availability statement

We are open to provide our research data.

Additional information

Funding

This work was supported by grants from the Fundo de Incentivo à Pesquisa e Eventos (FIPE) — Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA, Porto Alegre/RS, Brasil).