Short sleep duration and risk of gestational diabetes

Abstract

Objective

Sleep disturbances and short sleep duration are common in pregnancy and might contribute to the development of hyperglycemia. Therefore, we evaluated the association of sleep disturbances and gestational diabetes (GDM) in a cohort of women.

Methods

We collected data of 386 women consecutively screened for GDM in 2019 by 75 gr OGTT, according with IDPSG criteria. Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire was used to assess self-reported poor sleep quality (PSQI score >5) and short nocturnal sleep duration (<6 h).

Results

Of 386 women, 148 (38.3%) had poor sleep quality and 87 (22.5%) short sleep duration. GDM prevalence was 26.9%. There was no difference in GDM prevalence between women with poor or good sleep quality (26% vs. 28%; n.s.), while GDM was more frequent in women with short sleep duration (35.6% vs. 24.4%; p = 0.038). On univariate logistic regression analysis, short sleep duration (OR 1.71; 95%CI: 1.03-2.86; p = 0.039), previous GDM (OR 3.52; 95%CI: 1.83-6.76; p < 0.0001), family history of diabetes (OR 1.96; 95%CI: 1.21-3.91; p = 0.007), pre-pregnancy overweight (OR 1.85; 95%CI: 1.06-3.23; p = 0.031) or obesity (OR 2.56; 95%CI: 1.40-4.70; p = 0.002) were associated to GDM. However, after adjustment for confounders, short sleep duration did not persist as an independent risk factor for GDM (OR: 1.55; 95%CI: 0.91-2.65; ns).

Conclusions

Sleep disturbances are relative common among pregnant women. Although GDM seems more common among women with short sleep duration, this sleep disturbance does not seem to be an independent risk factor for GDM in women at high risk.

摘要

目的

睡眠障碍和睡眠时间短是妊娠期常见症状, 可能导致血糖升高。因此, 我们评估了女性睡眠障碍与妊娠期糖尿病（GDM）的关系。

方法

我们收集了386例于2019年根据IDPSG标准通过75g OGTT筛查诊断的GDM患者的资料。通过匹兹堡睡眠质量指数（PSQI）问卷对自我报告的低质量睡眠（PSQI评分>5）和夜间睡眠时间短（<6小时）进行评估。

结果

在386名女性中, 148名（38.3%）存在低质量睡眠, 87名（22.5%）睡眠时间短。GDM患病率为26.9%。低质量睡眠与高质量睡眠的GDM患病率没有差异（26% vs. 28%; ns）, 但睡眠时间短的女性更易发生GDM（35.6% vs. 24.4%; p=0.038）。单因素logistic回归分析显示, 睡眠时间短（OR 1.71; 95%CI: 1.03-2.86; p=0.039）、既往GDM史（OR 3.52; 95%CI: 1.83-6.76; p<0.0001）、糖尿病家族史（OR 1.96; 95%CI: 1.21-3.91; p=0.007）、孕前超重（OR 1.85; 95%CI: 1.06-3.23; p=0.031）或肥胖（OR 2.56; 95%CI: 1.40-4.70; p=0.002）与GDM相关。然而, 在校正了混杂因素后, 睡眠时间短并不是GDM的独立危险因素（OR: 1.55; 95%CI: 0.91-2.65; ns）。

结论

睡眠障碍在孕妇中相对常见。虽然GDM似乎易发于睡眠时间短的女性, 但这种睡眠障碍似乎并不是GDM高危女性的独立危险因素。

Keywords:

• Sleep duration
• sleep quality
• gestational diabetes
• GDM

关键词:

• 睡眠时间
• 睡眠质量
• 妊娠期糖尿病
• GDM

Acknowledgements

This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

Funding

The author(s) reported there is no funding associated with the work featured in this article.