Reading clocks, alla Turca: time and society in the Late Ottoman Empire, by Avner Wishnitzer

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size

Notes

1. Les Ottomans et le temps, ed. François Georgeon and Frédéric. Hitzel (Leiden and Boston: Brill, 2012), see 281–315; Avner Wishnitzer, “With the Precision of a Watch? Time Organization in the Ottoman Army, 1826–1918”, a blueprint for Chapter 3 of his monograph (“Military Time”, 68–92).

2. Ahmet Hamdi Tanpınar, Saatleri Ayarlama Enstitüsü (Istanbul: Remzi Kitabevi, 1962).

3. Fatma Müge Göçek, East Encounters West: France and the Ottoman Empire in the Eighteenth Century (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1987), 105–6.

4. Halil Sahillioğlu, “Années sıvış et crises monétaires dans l’Empire ottoman”, Annales. Économies, Sociétés, Civilisations 24, no. 5 (September–October 1969): 1071–91; idem, “Sıvış Years Crises in the Ottoman Empire”, in Studies in the Economic History of the Middle East, ed. Michael A. Cook (London and New York: Oxford University Press, 1970), 230–52.

5. Şevket Pamuk, A Monetary History of the Ottoman Empire (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999), 188–224.

6. Edhem Eldem, “Chaos and Half Measures: The Ottoman Monetary ‘System’ of the Nineteenth Century”, in The Economic Development of South-Eastern Europe (1830–1914), ed. Edhem Eldem and Socrates Petmezas (Athens: Alpha Bank Historical Archives, 2011), 251–305.

7. Edhem Eldem, “Writing Less, Saying More: Calligraphy and Modernisation in the Last Ottoman Century”, in Calligraphy and Architecture in the Muslim World, ed. Mohammed Gharipour and İrvin Cemil Schick (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2013), 465–83.