Back to work: Correlates of employment among persons receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy

Abstract

The aim of this study was to quantify the level of employment at one-year and to determine potential predictors of future employment among HIV-positive persons on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in the province of British Columbia. Of the 392 individuals that were initially unemployed at baseline 63 (16.1%) found a job over the subsequent year. Factors associated with becoming employed included a baseline income over $10 000, having long-term disability or unemployment insurance as an income source, having higher CD4 cell counts, and better physical, social, and role functioning. Factors negatively associated with finding employment included having provincial assistance as an income source and having ever been an injection drug user (IDU). In multivariate analyses, not using provincial assistance as a source of income (Odds Ratio [OR] = 7.39; 95% CI: 3.26–16.7; p < 0.001) and higher MOS-SF role functioning (OR = 1.12 per 10 point increment; 95% CI: 1.03–1.21; p = 0.005) were independent predictors of becoming employed. In conclusion, our study demonstrates that while significant advances have been made in the reduction of HIV-related mortality, the majority of HIV-infected individuals on adequate treatment are still unable to be gainfully employed.

Acknowledgments

Dr. Hogg is supported by a Senior Scholar Award through the Michael Smith Foundation for Health Research. We thank Bonnie Devlin, Diane Campbell, Elizabeth Ferris, Nada Gataric, Kelly Hsu, Myrna Reginaldo, and Peter Vann for their research and administrative assistance.