Resilience associated with mental health problems among methadone maintenance treatment patients in Guangzhou, China

ABSTRACT

A considerable proportion of methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) clients have experienced mental health problems (e.g., depression and anxiety), and poor mental health status is associated with HIV-related risk behaviors and treatment drop-out. Resilience is known to be a protective factor for mental health problems but is not studied among MMT clients in China. This study aimed to explore the relationship between resilience and mental health problems (depression, anxiety and stress) among clients of community-based MMT clinics in China. A total of 208 MMT clients completed the face-to-face interview conducted at 4 of 11 MMT clinics in Guangzhou. The Chinese short version of Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21) was used to assess the presence of depressive, anxiety and stress symptoms, and the Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) was used to measure resilience. Logistic regression models were fit in data analyses. Of all participants, 12.8%, 19.5% and 8.3% had depression, anxiety and stress, respectively. The mean resilience score was 57.6 (SD = 15.9). In the univariate analyses, resilience was negatively associated with two studied mental health problems (depression and anxiety, OR_u = 0.96 and 0.96, p < .01). In multivariate models adjusting for both background and other psycho-social factors, resilience was independently associated with probable depression (OR_a = 0.97, 95% CI: 0.93–0.99) and anxiety (OR_a = 0.96, 95% CI: 0.94–0.99). Resilience was independently associated with depression and anxiety. As resilience is changeable, interventions targeting mental health problems of MMT users should consider resilience as an important part in the designing of such interventions.

KEYWORDS:

• Methadone maintenance treatment
• resilience
• mental health
• China

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

Additional information

Funding

This study was supported by the China Medical Board [grant number #11-074], and National Natural Science Foundation of China [grant number #30901226], NIH FIC [grant number #R25TW009340 and grant number #R25TW009345] and Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [grant number #2015YKZD04].