Association between sociodemographic characteristics and HIV disclosure among people living with HIV in South Carolina: a structural equation modeling approach

ABSTRACT

HIV disclosure continues to be a key consideration among people living with HIV (PLWH). However, there is a lack of studies assessing factors associated with HIV disclosure among PLWH in the Southern U.S. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the association between sociodemographic risk factors and HIV disclosure using a structural equation modeling approach among PLWH in South Carolina. Exploratory factor analysis was used to operationalize HIV disclosure. Structural equation models were used to determine the associations between sociodemographic factors and HIV disclosure among PLWH. Two latent variables were obtained for HIV disclosure: partners (stable partners, spouses, casual partners), and family/friends (parents, grandparents, siblings, children, adult children, friends, and coworkers). After adjusting for confounders, Black populations were less likely to disclose their HIV status to both partners (β = −0.250, p = 0.006) and family/friends (β = −0.246, p < 0.001) compared to non-Black populations. As yearly income increased, the likelihood of HIV disclosure to family/friends decreased (β = −0.300, p = <0.001). As time since diagnosis increased, the likelihood of HIV disclosure to family/friends increased (β = 0.266, p = 0.001). Future research can assess the feasibility of implementing disclosure interventions that are geared towards Black, high income and newly diagnosed PLWH and the associations of psychosocial factors and HIV disclosure.

KEYWORDS:

• Disclosure
• SEM
• disparities
• HIV
• sociodemographic

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Acknowledgements

We would also like to thank the participants who participated in the study.

Additional information

Funding

This study was funded by the South Carolina SmartState Program®. M. J. Brown is supported by grant K01MH115794 from the National Institute of Mental Health.