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Articles

Evaluation of HLA class I and HLA class II allele profile and its relationship with clinical features in patients with alopecia areata: a case–control study

, , ORCID Icon, , &
Pages 2175-2181 | Received 22 Mar 2021, Accepted 23 May 2021, Published online: 21 Jun 2021
 

Abstract

Background

Alopecia areata (AA) is an autoimmune disease where autoimmune dysregulations along with genetic susceptibility are hypothesized to play a role in pathogenesis.

Objective

The aim of this study in to evaluate HLA-A, HLA-B, HLA-C, HLA-DQB1, and HLA-DRB1 profile and its relationship with clinical features in AA patients.

Materials and methods

Ninety-eight patients with AA and 100 healthy controls were included in the study. HLA-A, HLA-B, HLA-C, HLA-DQB1, and HLA-DRB1 frequencies were analyzed using polymerase chain reaction-sequence specific primers (PCR-SSP).

Results

HLA-B*39 and HLA-HLA-DRB1*15 allele frequencies were increased (p = .022 and p = .023, respectively), HLA-A*11 and HLA-B*35 frequencies were decreased (p = .006 and p = .014, respectively) in AA patients. HLA-B*13 and HLA-DRB1*11 were associated with poor prognostic factors. A class I allele, HLA-B*13 was associated with recurrence (p = .023) and presence of nevus flammeus (p = .022), while the class II allele HLA-DRB1*11 was associated with widespread hair loss (diffuse or universal alopecia) (p = .026), presence of ophiasis (p = .049) and juvenile onset (p = .018).

Conclusion

Belonging to two different classes of HLA family, HLA-B*13 and HLA-DRB1*11 alleles identified separate set of risk factors. In addition to increasing the risk of AA, HLA alleles may affect the prognosis of the disease.

Ethical approval

Reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee of Ankara Numune Training and Research Hospital; approval# E-19-2565.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

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