Isotretinoin for acne vulgaris – an update on adverse effects and laboratory monitoring

Abstract

A significant barrier to the usage of isotretinoin has been concerns regarding its adverse effect profile. The dose-dependent mucocutaneous side effects of isotretinoin are well recognized and easily managed, particularly if a lower dose is used. A possible association with depression has gained widespread media attention and is a source of concern for many patients and their carers, but data from prospective studies and recent meta-analyses have been reassuring. Furthermore, there has been much confusion amongst both patients and physicians regarding a possible association with inflammatory bowel disease, as well the ocular and rheumatological adverse effects of isotretinoin. We provide an update on the evidence surrounding the adverse effects of isotretinoin and discuss practical strategies to prevent and manage these adverse effects. We also discuss appropriate laboratory monitoring for patients taking isotretinoin.

Keywords:

• Isotretinoin
• acne
• retinoids
• depression

Author contributions

Dr. Fallah contributed by performing the literature review and writing the manuscript. Dr. Rademaker contributed by performing the literature review and writing the manuscript.

Disclosure statement

Dr. Rademaker has performed several clinical trials on isotretinoin, some of which have been funded by Douglas Pharmaceuticals, Auckland, New Zealand, a manufacturer of isotretinoin, but he has no financial or other conflicts of interest to declare. Dr. Fallah has no conflicts of interest to declare.