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Summary
The cells of the hypothalamic nuclei of intact and adrenalectomized rats, after head irradiation and adrenocortical hormone treatment, showed the following effects: the diameter of the neurosecretory cells of the nucleus supraopticus (NSO) and the quantity of neurosecretory substance were decreased 15 days after head irradiation of intact rats, but 30 days after irradiation the cells hypertrophied and signs of re-establishment of neurosecretory activity were evident. The hypertrophic cells with Gomori positive substance observed 15 and 30 days after adrenalectomy were vacuolated and the quantity of neurosecretory substance was decreased if the head was irradiated. However, neurosecretory material was maintained and signs of agglomeration were observed 30 days after treatment with deoxycorticosterone acetate plus hydrocortisone.
Neurosecretory cells of the nucleus paraventricularis, which are more sensitive to irradiation than those of the NSO of both intact and adrenalectomized rats, showed less degenerative change after treatment with adrenocortical steroids. Medial and posterior hypothalamic regions were the most sensitive, and the number of ependimal cells was increased.