γ-Radiolysis of N₂O-saturated Aqueous Solutions of Trehalose and Trehalose/amino Acid Mixtures

Summary

γ-radiolysis of aqueous N₂O-saturated solutions of α, α-trehalose (10⁻² M) with doses of 500 krad yielded glucose (G = 2·3), gluconic acid lactone (G = 0·25) and—after reduction—iditol (G = 0·15), mannitol (G = 0·05), 5-deoxy-glucitol (G = 0·34) and 2-deoxy-glucitol (G = 0·14). The decomposition of trehalose (G = −5·9) was reduced, if equimolar amounts of amino acids (alanine, leucine, phenylalanine, methionine or cysteine) were present during irradiation. The extent of this reduction has been correlated with the ·OH radical-scavenging properties of the added amino acids. Cysteine also protected trehalose by the repair of initially formed trehalose radicals and almost completely suppressed the formation of products. The addition of the remaining amino acids led to an increase of molar product yields (glucose, 5-deoxy-glucitol and 2-deoxy-glucitol), which was related to the decomposition of trehalose. This finding was explained by hydrogen transfer from the amino acids to precursor radicals of the products.