International business careers in the United States: salaries, advancement and male—female differences

Abstract

This paper uses a survey of 514 professional employees to analyse salaries and careers in international business in the United States. Internationally oriented skills are inconsistently rewarded, and persons in internationally focused occupations are compensated at about the same level as their domestically oriented counterparts. Women receive smaller pay-offs than men for qualifications, including international ones. Thus, the human resource management practices of many American firms may not be consistent with these firms' strategies for competing in global markets.