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Notes
1. Freedman, Strategy, 191.
2. Calder, The Peoples War, 1992.
3. Anderlini, “The Return of Mao.”
4. Johnson, Peasant Nationalism and Communist Power; Wolf, Peasant Wars of the Twentieth Century, 103–55.
5. Some retired, others embarked on a second career as mercenaries in Africa; and a few others served as advisors to military regimes in South America, eager to develop their own draconian forms of counter-insurgency. Paret, French Revolutionary Warfare from Indochina to Algeria, remains an indispensable guide. For the influence of French advisors on South American military regimes see Robin, Escadrons de la Mort.
6. Teiwes, “The Chinese State during the Maoist Era,” 107.
7. Girling, People’s War, 50.
8. Gewirtz, “How Andy Warhol Explains China’s Attitude Toward Chairman Mao.”
9. Pfeffer, “Mao Tse-tung and Revolution,” 281.
10. Chang and Halliday, Mao; see also Beckett, Modern Insurgencies and Counter-Insurgencies, 77.
11. Porch, Wars of Empire, 201; a point which likewise suffuses the argument of Thomas A. Marks in his Making Counterrevolution: Wang Shheng and the Kuomintang. London: Frank Cass, 1998.
12. For details see the early chapters of Marks, Maoist People’s War in Post-Vietnam Asia.
13. Freedman op. cit., 186.
14. O’Dowd, “Ho Chi Minh and the Origins of the Vietnamese Doctrine of Guerrilla Tactics,” 564 (in 561–87).
15. Ibid., 569.
16. Gubbins, The Art of Guerrilla Warfare, 32–4.
17. O’Dowd, 567.
18. Colvin, Volcano Under Snow, 86.
19. Ibid.
20. Pike, Viet Cong, 50.
21. Mason, “John McDonnell Under Fire for Quoting Mao Tse-tung in Commons”; for discussion of the book itself, see Cook, Mao’s Little Red Book.
22. Kiernan, Marxism and Imperialism, 160.
23. See Marks, “Terrorism as Method in Nepali Maoist Insurgency, 1996–2016,” 81–118.
24. Mandatory for appreciation of this entire period is the film, The Dancer Upstairs (20th Century Fox, 2003), directed by John Malkovich and based upon the novel of the same name by Nicholas Shakespeare (1995). Whatever its allowances to artistic licence to provide a compelling plot, the film is masterful in creating the atmosphere of sheer disorientation and helplessness that was engendered by Shining Path terrorism.
25. Fahri, States and Urban-based Revolutions.
26. Joes, Urban Guerrilla Warfare, 5.
27. Kilcullen, Out of the Mountains.
28. Mackinlay, The Insurgent Archipelago, 160–1.
29. Ibid., 162.