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Abstract
A review of the knowledge on the diseases attributed to Legionella sp.and the factors influencing Legionella replication and persistence in cooling towers and other relevant environments is presented. Results over the past two years indicate the influence of season on the recovery rate from cooling towers in Eastern Australia and confirm the lack of direct correlation between total plate counts and specific Legionella counts. Experimental studies confirm the importance of the sample type and the storage temperature on the recovery of Legionclla from water samples and demonstrate the efficacy of novel systems for tower disinfection and bacterial recovery.