Effects of Pilates-Based Exercises on Functional Capacity and Mental Health in Individuals with Schizophrenia: A Pilot Study

ABSTRACT

Background

Although there is considerable evidence that exercise improves the physical and mental health of individuals with schizophrenia, the most useful exercise technique for this population is still the subject of research.

Purpose

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Pilates exercises on functional capacity and mental health in individuals with schizophrenia.

Methods

Twenty-three participants were not randomly assigned to either Pilates exercise group (PEG) or nonspecific exercise group (NSEG). Ten participants from each group completed the study (87% response rate). The PEG participated in a 6-week Pilates exercise training twice per week, while the NSEG participated in a nonspecific activity program. 6-Minute Walk Distance (6-MWD) was assessed for functional capacity. Mental health was evaluated using Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia (CDSS), and Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS).

Results

6-MWD significantly increased (p = .025), CDSS (p = .023) and BPRS (p = .012) scores significantly decreased in the PEG compared to baseline. Inter-group comparison showed that PEG had significantly better scores than NSEG in terms of the final 6-MWD (p = .005), CDSS (p = .008) and BPRS (p = .008).

Conclusion

Results showed that Pilates may help improve the functional capacity and mental health of individuals with schizophrenia, but the small sample size and methodological limitations limit the interpretability of this study.

KEYWORDS:

• Exercise
• mental health
• pilates
• physical activity
• schizophrenia

Acknowledement

Authors thank Banu Unver, Assoc., Prof., PhD., PT. for her valuable contributions to the statistical analysis, and Kartal Selici, MSc., PT. for his support during theassessment process of this study.

Disclosure statement

The authors confirm that they have no potential conflict of interest.