The Coping Strategies Questionnaire: Translation, cultural adaptation, reliability and validity in Turkish-speaking patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain

ABSTRACT

Background

The use of pain coping questionnaires is advantageous when selecting cognitive and behavioral targets for chronic pain management. The objective of this study was to investigate adaptation, validity, and reliability of the Coping Strategies Questionnaire (CSQ) in Turkish population with chronic musculoskeletal pain.

Methods

The Turkish version of the questionnaire (CSQ-T) was checked in terms of reliability and validity with a convenience sample of 123 patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain. Reliability (test-retest) analyses were conducted by means of a retest 48 hours later with a sub-group of 40 patients. Construct validity of the CSQ was checked through convergent validity with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and the Short Form-36 (SF-36) health survey.

Results

Cronbach’s alpha of the subscales ranged from 0.814 to 0.934 and the test-retest reliability ranged from 0.800 to 0.944. Neither floor nor ceiling effects (15%) were found in the subscales (13.8%) and the total score (4.1%) of the CSQ-T. Factor analysis indicated that the scale had two factors. The total CSQ-T score was correlated with both the HADS (r: −0.636/-0.549) and the SF-36 (r: 0.701/0.768).

Conclusion

The CSQ-T is a reliable and valid measure for assessing patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain.

KEYWORDS:

• Chronic pain
• outcome measure
• reliability
• validity

Acknowledgments

We thank Francis J. Keefe, for giving her permission and guidance to conduct the cross-cultural adaption procedure of the CSQ into Turkish.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Additional information

Funding

The author(s) reported there is no funding associated with the work featured in this article.