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Review Article

The concentration of Potentially Toxic elements (PTEs) in the muscle of crabs: a global systematic review, meta-analysis, and health risk assessment

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Pages 2140-2166 | Received 31 Mar 2023, Accepted 15 May 2023, Published online: 05 Jun 2023
 

ABSTRACT

The concentration of PTEs in the muscle of crabs, was meta-analyzed using a random-effects model based on countries’ subgroups. The non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks related to the ingestion of PTEs via the consumption of crab fish were estimated. The meta-analysis included one hundred and eight papers with 109 data reports. The rank order of PTEs based on pooled (mean) concentration in the muscle of crabs was Ni (4.490 mg/kg-ww) > Pb (1.891 mg/kg-ww) >As (1.601 mg/kg-ww) > Cd (1.101 mg/kg-ww). The results showed that adults and children consumers in many countries are at risk of non-carcinogenicity due to ingestion of Ni, Pb, As, and Cd and carcinogenicity risk due to As. Therefore, the bioaccumulation of PTEs in the muscle of crabs can be considered a global health risk. Hence, to decrease the health risk of PTEs in the muscle of crabs, continuous monitoring and reducing the emission of PTEs in aquatic environments are recommended.

Acknowledgements

This study was not supported.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

Author’s contribution

Mansour Sarafraz; screening of papers and data extraction; Yadolah Fakhri, Mansour Sarafraz Zoha Heidarinejad, Hosein Mohammadi, and Trias Mahmudiono: Supervision, Investigation, Resources, Conceptualization, Risk Assessment, Methodology, Writing original draft; Mansour Sarafraz and Yadolah Fakhri: Literature Searching, Writing & Editing; Trias Mahmudiono, Ja’far Mansur Khalaf Al-Khaza’leh; Allahbakhsh Javid; Yadolah Fakhri; Ali Atamaleki; Amin Mousavi Khaneghah: Writing & Editing; Amin Mousavi Khaneghah: Supervision.

Consent to participate

The authors declare their Consent to Participate in this article.

Consent to publish

The authors declare their Consent to Publish this article.

Correction Statement

This article has been republished with minor changes. These changes do not impact the academic content of the article.

Additional information

Funding

The author(s) reported there is no funding associated with the work featured in this article.

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