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Studies in Humans

Long-term kinetics of daidzein and its main metabolites in human equol-producers after soymilk intake: identification of equol-conjugates by UPLC-orbitrap-MS and influence of the number of transforming bacteria on plasma kinetics

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Pages 496-506 | Received 31 Aug 2016, Accepted 29 Oct 2016, Published online: 16 Nov 2016
 

Abstract

The main aim of the study was to establish in vivo a correlation between equol (EQU) production and a number of intestinal bacteria able to perform the transformation. Thus, healthy female volunteers were selected for their ability to convert slowly (n = 6, 105–109 cells/g wet feces) or quickly (n = 6, 1010–1012 cells/g wet feces) daidzein (DAI) in EQU. After oral administration of 100 mg DAI in soymilk, plasma (0–99 h) and urine (0–96 h) samples were collected. DAI and its metabolites were determined by LC-MS/MS and EQU -conjugates by UPLC-High Resolution-MS. Only for EQU a direct correlation was found between the number of transforming microorganisms and parameters such as tmax and t1/2 (p = 0.027). Peak serum concentration time, Cmax, AUC0–72 h and t1/2 for total EQU (n = 12) were 36 ± 10 h, 89 ± 78 nM, 2.4 ± 1.7 (μmol × h/L) and 15.6 ± 3.3 h, respectively. In plasma and urine EQU was found mainly as 7-O-glucuronide.

Disclosure statement

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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