Disparity in the micronutrient content of diets high or low in advanced glycation end products (AGEs) does not explain changes in insulin sensitivity

Abstract

We have previously shown that an isoenergetic low advanced glycation end products (AGEs) diet matched for macronutrient content improved insulin sensitivity compared to high AGE diet. Here, we evaluated the differences in micronutrient intake of these two dietary patterns and if they could explain differences in insulin sensitivity. Participants consumed the intervention diets each for 2 weeks with 4 weeks of habitual dietary intake (washout) in-between. Dietary analysis revealed that the high AGE diet contained greater levels of retinol equivalents (RE) (478.9 + 151.3 μg/day versus 329.0 + 170.0 μg/day; p < .006), vitamin A (806.3 + 223.5 (μg RE)/day versus 649.1 + 235.8 (μg RE)/day; p < .05) and thiamine (2.3 + 0.6 mg/day versus 1.6 + 0.4 mg/day; p = .014) compared to the low AGE diet. The changes in polyunsaturated fat, retinol, vitamin A and thiamine did not correlate with changes in insulin sensitivity (all p > .1) therefore are unlikely to explain observed changes in insulin sensitivity. (clinicaltrials.gov:NCT00422253).

Keywords:

• Advanced glycation end products (AGEs)
• ageing
• chronic disease
• lifestyle disease

Acknowledgements

We wish to thank all volunteers for their participation in the study. We wish to also thank the Nutrition Department at the Alfred Hospital, Melbourne Australia and Mr Donovan Martin. We also wish to acknowledge Drs Malcolm Riley and Prof Kerin O’Dea for input into the design of the protocol.

Disclosure statement

The authors report no conflicts of interest. The authors alone are responsible for the content and writing of this article. The clinical trial is registered as (clinicaltrials.gov: NCT00422253).

Additional information

Funding

This entry of dietary intake data and preliminary analysis was funded through a University of South Australia vacation scholarship for Alicia Hatzinikolas. This study was supported by grants from the National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia (APP1102935) and from a Diabetes Australia Research Trust Millenium Award. Associate Professor de Courten (ID 100864) is supported by Future Leader Fellowships from the National Heart Foundation of Australia. Prof Josephine Forbes is supported by a fellowship from the NHMRC of Australia. No funder had any role in the study design, data collection, data analysis or interpretation, or writing of the manuscript.