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Comprehensive reviews

Grain consumption and risk of gastric cancer: a meta-analysis

, , , , , & show all
Pages 164-175 | Received 18 Jan 2019, Accepted 10 Jun 2019, Published online: 17 Jul 2019
 

Abstract

This study evaluated the relationship between grain consumption and the risk of gastric cancer. A total of 19 studies met the inclusion criteria. For whole grain consumption, there was a 13% reduction in the risk of gastric cancer (p = .003), and a subgroup analysis showed that a large amount of whole grain consumption reduced the risk of gastric cancer by 44% (p < .001). For refined grain consumption, there was a 36% increase in the risk of gastric cancer (p < .001); a subgroup analysis showed that a large and a moderate amount of refined grain consumption increased the risk of gastric cancer by 63% (p < .001) and 28% (p < .001), respectively. A large intake of whole grains might be protective against gastric cancer, whereas the ingestion of refined cereals may be a risk factor for gastric cancer. Moreover, the risk of cancer increases with the increase of refined grain intake.

Acknowledgment

The authors would like to acknowledge all authors of the original studies that were included in this meta-analysis.

Disclosure statement

All the authors declare that they have no conflicting interest.

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