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Studies in humans

Mediterranean diet and physical activity in Down syndrome pediatric subjects: the DONUT STUDY

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Pages 973-980 | Received 03 May 2022, Accepted 18 Jul 2022, Published online: 31 Jul 2022
 

Abstract

Introduction

Children with Down syndrome (DS) are characterised by peculiar dietary choices and approach to physical activity. The aim of this study is to quantify their adherence to the Mediterranean diet, their level of physical activity and lipid profile.

Methods

Cross-sectional study, involving 61 children affected by DS. Parents of the patients were requested to complete two questionnaires, Mediterranean Diet Quality Index in children and adolescents (KIDMED) and Godin Leisure-Time Physical Activity Questionnaire (Godin). In addition, children underwent a venous sampling to check their lipid profile.

Results

High scores on KIDMED and Godin were found and were associated with a reduced likelihood of being overweight or obese (0.001< p < 0.077; 0.001< p < 0.248). The level of physical activity and the probability of finding pathological HDL values in plasma were inversely related (0.001< p < 0.263).

Conclusions

The DONUT study proves that KIDMED and Godin questionnaires can identify children affected by DS that can lead to develop inadequate anthropometric variables and low levels of HDL cholesterol. Moreover, the results of this study show that, despite potential difficulties in the pursuit of a correct diet and an adequate approach to physical activity, children with DS could achieve results that are substantially like those of non-DS children.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

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