Sustainable, affordable and functional: reimagining prosthetic liners in resource limited environments

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to evaluate function and performance of unilateral trans-tibial prosthesis users wearing an affordable liner in three types of socket designs.

Methods

Five unilateral trans-tibial amputees participated, were provided an Affordable Ethyl-Vinyl-Acetate Roll-On liner (AERO) roll-on liner with patella tendon bearing (PTB) prosthesis, PE-Lite liner with PTB prosthesis, and an (AERO) liner with total-surface bearing (TSB) prosthesis. A battery of outcome measures; step-counts, socket comfort score (SCS), orthotics prosthetics user survey (OPUS) and socket pressure measurement during walking were administered.

Results

Comparisons of step-counts indicated that PTB-AERO (3604 ± 815) was not significantly different than PTB-PE-Lite (3386 ± 942). Mean SCS was 9.2 ± .83 and 7.2 ± 2.1 for PTB-AERO and PTB-PE-Lite. A 6.6% decrease in mean peak pressure was observed between PTB-PE-Lite and TSB-AERO, and 3.2% difference between PTB-PE-Lite and PTB-AERO.

Conclusion

An affordable ($20 USD) and sustainably fabricated prosthesis liner was created and evaluated in trans-tibial prosthesis users. These initial results garner preliminary support for use of the AERO prosthetic liner and continued research.

Implications for rehabilitation

• Lower limb prosthetics in less-resourced settings can leverage locally sourced and affordable materials to fabricate roll-on liners for use in modern prosthetic sockets.

• The cost of the AERO liner is markedly lower than current standard of care gel liners, yet still facilitates use of current prosthetic sockets.

Keywords:

• AERO liner
• liners
• prosthetics
• trans-tibial
• affordable
• sustainable
• resource limited environments

Acknowledgements

The authors wish to thank the participants for their support in participating in the study as well as the National Metal and Materials Technology Centre in Bangkok, Thailand for their assistance in testing of the liner materials.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).