Agricultural crop residue burning and its environmental impacts and potential causes – case of northwest India

Abstract

This study aims to examine the adverse environmental impact and potential causes of the dubious agricultural practice of agricultural crop residue (ACR) burning which prevails in the northwest region of India. It also evaluates the alternatives for sustainable management of ACR and investigates the associated policy as well as functional challenges against the widespread adoption of these alternatives. To achieve the research purpose, a field study was conducted at the Panipat district of Haryana. As a part of this three-month-long field study, the outlook of state and local administration responsible for regulating ACR burning practices was obtained through semi-structured interviews. Additionally, farmers’ viewpoints were gathered through focus group interviews. The estimates of atmospheric emissions from ACR burning in Panipat were calculated using the United Nation (UN)’s Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) guidelines. Strategies for mitigating the environmental impact of ACR burning are recommended.

Keywords:

• agricultural crop residue
• air pollution
• human health
• sustainable management
• Haryana

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Supplemental data

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Notes

1 National Capital Region (NCR) is a circular coordinated planning region of approximately 58,000 square kilometers, roughly centered on Delhi. It encompasses the entire National Capital Territory of Delhi and several districts and prominent cities surrounding it in the states of Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, and Haryana. The NCR is a rural-urban region, with a population of over 46 million. New Delhi itself has about 19 million people and occupies almost 1,500 square kilometers.

2 1 Hectare(ha)= 2.47105 acres.

3 1 Giga gram= 1,000 metric tons.

4 1 INR = 0.016USD.