The inclusion of environmental concerns in US trade agreements

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size

Acknowledgements

This Profile is an adapted part of De Deugd and Van Roozendaal (2007). This research was made possible by the support of the Groningen Research School for the Study of the Humanities (University of Groningen). The author would like to thank the anonymous reviewer for their constructive comments.

Notes

1. The text of BITs, TIFAs and FTAs (including Trade Promotion Agreements) can be obtained through the website of the USTR: http://www.ustr.gov/Trade_Agreements/BIT/Section_Index.html; http://www.ustr.gov/Trade_Agreements/TIFA/Section_Index.html; http://www.ustr.gov/Trade_Agreements/Bilateral/Section_ index.html.

2. Research for this article was completed in October 2008.

3. This is limited by article 17(8)(3), which states limitations to country of residence and the rights to submit complaints.

4. See Audley (2002) for a more elaborate discussion of the 2002 TPA and its references to the environment.