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Gender, Place & Culture
A Journal of Feminist Geography
Volume 24, 2017 - Issue 6
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Articles

When ‘Angelino’ squirrels don’t eat nuts: a feminist posthumanist politics of consumption across southern California

Cuando las ardillas zorro no comen nueces: una política posthumanista feminista del consumo a lo largo del sur de California

当’洛杉矶’松鼠不摄取坚果时:南加州消费的女权主义后人类政治

Pages 753-773 | Received 22 Oct 2016, Accepted 28 Jan 2017, Published online: 13 Apr 2017
 

Abstract

Eastern fox squirrels (Sciurus niger), reddish-brown tree squirrels native to the eastern and southeastern United States, were introduced to and now thrive in suburban/urban California. As a result, many residents in the greater Los Angeles region are grappling with living amongst tree squirrels, particularly because the state’s native western gray squirrel (Sciurus griseus) is less tolerant of human beings and, as a result, has historically been absent from most sections of the greater Los Angeles area. ‘Easties,’ as they are colloquially referred to in the popular press, are willing to feed on trash and have an ‘appetite for everything.’ Given that the shift in tree squirrel demographics is a relatively recent phenomenon, this case presents a unique opportunity to question and re-theorize the ontological given of ‘otherness’ that manifests, in part, through a politics whereby animal food choices ‘[come] to stand in for both compliance and resistance to the dominant forces in [human] culture’. I, therefore, juxtapose feminist posthumanist theories and feminist food studies scholarship to demonstrate how eastern fox squirrels are subjected to gendered, racialized, and speciesist thinking in the popular news media as a result of their feeding/eating practices, their unique and unfixed spatial arrangements in the greater Los Angeles region, and the western, modernist human frame through which humans interpret these actions. I conclude by drawing out the implications of this research for the fields of animal geography and feminist geography.

Resumen

Las ardillas zorro orientales (Sciurus niger), ardillas de color marrón rojizo que viven en los árboles y son nativas del este y sudeste de los Estados Unidos, fueron introducidas a las áreas suburbanas/urbanas de California, donde prosperaron. Como resultado, muchxs residentes en la región del gran Los Ángeles están acostumbradxs a vivir entre ardillas de árbol, particularmente porque la ardilla gris del oeste (Sciurus griseus) autóctona en ese estado es menos tolerante al ser humano y, como resultado de esto, históricamente ha permanecido ausente de la mayor parte del área del gran Los Ángeles. Las ‘Easties’ [Orientalitas], como se las refiere coloquialmente en la prensa popular, no tienen inconveniente en alimentarse de basura y tienen un ‘apetito para todo’. Dado que el cambio en la demografía de ardillas de árbol es un fenómeno relativamente reciente, este caso presenta una oportunidad única de cuestionar y re-teorizar la ‘otredad’ ontológica dada por sentada que se manifiesta, en parte, a través de la política donde las elecciones de alimento de los animales ‘[llegan] a representar tanto la conformidad con las fuerzas dominantes en la cultura [humana] como la resistencia a éstas’ (Cooks 2009, 95). Por lo tanto, yuxtapongo las teorías posthumanistas feministas y los estudios de alimento feministas para demostrar cómo las ardillas zorro orientales están sujetas a un pensamiento generizado, racializado y especiesista en los medios de información populares como resultado de sus prácticas de alimentación/comer, sus configuraciones espaciales únicas y flexibles en la región del gran Los Ángeles, y el marco occidental, modernista y humano a través del cual los humanos interpretan estas acciones. Concluyo ilustrando las implicancias de esta investigación para los campos de la geografía animal y la geografía feminista

摘要

狐松鼠(Sciurus niger),一种原生于美国东部与东南部的红棕树松鼠,被引进加州的城市与郊区,目前并于该处繁盛成长。大洛杉矶地区的诸多居民因而开始应对如何与树松鼠共同生活,特别是该州原生的西部灰松鼠(Sciurus griseus)较无法忍受人类,因此历史上而言,在大洛杉矶地区的多半区域中不见踪迹。被大众媒体通俗称为’东部来的’的松鼠,则愿意以垃圾为食,并且对每种食物皆’充满胃口’。有鉴于树松鼠的物种人口变迁相对而言是个较为晚近的现象,本案例呈现了一个质疑并再理论化’他者性’的认识论假定之独特机会,该认识论部分透过动物的食物选择藉此代替’同时顺从与抗拒[人类]文化的支配力’(Cooks 2009, 95)之政治进行展现。我从而并置女权主义后人类的理论和女权主义粮食研究,展现狐松鼠如何因其喂食/进食行为、它们在大洛杉矶地区特殊且不固定的空间安排,以及人类用来诠释这些行为的西方现代主义人类架构,进而从属于大众新闻媒体的性别化、种族化和物种主义思考。我于结论中取出此一研究对于动物地理学和女权主义地理学的意涵。

Acknowledgements

The author thanks her colleagues and friends, Dr. Connie Russell and John Moran (PhD Candidate, Stanford University) for providing feedback on earlier versions of this manuscript. She also thanks colleagues, family, and friends who engaged in countless conversations about squirrels over the last few years, including the director of the community garden where she does fieldwork. And finally, she acknowledges the eastern fox squirrels and western gray squirrels who have touched her life and taught her so much about squirrel lived experience.

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