A generalization of the ElGamal public-key cryptosystem

Abstract

The ElGamal cryptosystem is one of the most widely used public-key cryptosystems that depends on the difficulty of computing the discrete logarithms over finite fields. Over the years, the original system has been modified and altered in order to achieve a higher security and efficiency. In this paper, a generalization for the original ElGamal system is proposed which also relies on the discrete logarithm problem. The encryption process of the scheme is improved such that it depends on the prime factorization of the plaintext. Modular exponentiation is taken twice during the encryption; once with the number of distinct prime factors of the plaintext and then with the secret encryption key. If the plaintext consists of only one distinct prime factor, then the new method is similar to that of the basic ElGamal algorithm. The proposed system preserves the immunity against the Chosen Plaintext Attack (CPA).

Subject Classification: (2010):

• 11Z05
• 11A07
• 11T71
• 94A60

Keywords:

• Public-key cryptography
• ElGamal encryption
• Discrete logarithm problem
• Prime factorization
• Chosen plaintext attack