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Abstract
Volatile compounds from Litchi chinensis Sonn. leaves, a tropical fruit native to China, were extracted by using simultaneous distillation extraction (SDE). In the GC-MS analysis of the volatile extracts, 20 components were identified in the various treatments, including three aldehydes, 13 terpenoids, one acid, two alcohols and one ester. Terpenoids were the major components of volatile blends, including zingiberene, trans-caryophyllene, α-sesquiphellandrene, α-humulene, α-bergamotene and α-copaene. Different treatments produced volatile extracts with different proportions of the major volatile components. Hexanal, sabinene, (E)-2-hexenal, (E)-2-heptenal, veridiflorol, δ-cadinene and n-hexadecanoic acid were found in the old leaves, while δ-elemene and L-linalool were only detected in the young leaves. Furthermore, the mechanical damaged leaves contained relatively high concentrations of α-copaene, α-bergamotene and αsesquiphellandrene as compared to those in the healthy and intact leaves. A relatively low concentration of valencene and trans-α-farnesene was emitted only after the mechanical damage of the plant material during SDE process.