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Abstract
The present study describes the potential capabilities of four different extraction techniques, namely hydrodistillation (HD), solvent-free microwave extraction (SFME), microwave assisted hydrodistillation (MWHD) and headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) to isolate the essential oils and volatile fractions from the aerial parts of Ferula ovina in combination with analysis by GC and GC-MS. By means of the HD, SFME, MWHD and HS-SPME methods, 14, 30, 20 and 28 components were identified in the chemical profiles, representing 100 %, 95.6 %, 97.4 and 98.2 % of the total compositions, respectively. It was observed that in all of the profiles, monoterpene hydrocarbons constituted the main components while the next most common are oxygenated monoterpenes. In addition, the class order of natural compounds through the HD, SFME and MAHD approaches are the same whereas a slightly difference pattern is observed when using HS-SPME.