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Abstract
In order to investigate the effects of irrigation and nitrogen fertilizer on essential oil composition of dill, this research was performed in 2010 at the Agricultural Research Farm of the University of Tabriz, Iran. The experiment was carried out as split plot on the basis of randomized complete block design with three replications. Irrigation treatments (irrigation after 70, 100 and 130 mm evaporation from class A pan) and nitrogen levels (0, 40, 80, 120 kgN/ha) were allocated to main and sub-plots, respectively. The essential oil from grains of dill was isolated by hydro distillation and analyzed by gas-chromatography (GC-MS). The main components of dill essential oil were found to be carvone (4.9 - 60.1 %), l-limonene (6.4 - 21.8 %), dillapiole (1.0-11.9 %), dihydrocarvone, apiole, l-phellandrene, hexacosane, octacosane, eicosane and anethole. The amount of cis-dihydrocarvone, trans- limonene oxide, limonene and dill ether were increased by water limitation. Nitrogen application increased carvone and dihydrocarvone in dill grains.