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Abstract:
Leaves essential oils of Cupressus torulosa D. Don of different girth sizes grown in Chakrata region (Uttarakhand) were investigated for yield (%) and composition in four different seasons. The essential oils were obtained by hydro-distillation and analyzed by GC-FID and GC-MS. The yield of oils (% v/w) at different seasons varied from 0.36 to 1.38 %, highest in monsoon season. A total twenty-four components were identified, representing 77.06-90.08 % of the total oil. Analyzing data using SPSS, afforded the seasonal variation factors to use the relative amount (%) with different tree girth stages. The oil was dominated by varied composition of monoterpenoids (69.81-87.77 %). In monsoon season, the major compound was terpinen-4-ol, ranged from 13.66-22.94 %. The marker constituent of post-monsoon was found to be limonene (18.44-35.94 %). The maximum limonene content (35.94 %) was noted in medium sized trees, followed by big trees (21.62 %) and small trees (18.44 %). Conversely, in winter, α-pinene (15.96 and 17.92 %) was identified as the major compound in small and medium trees, respectively, while sabinene (16.57 %) in big trees. Terpinen-4-ol (20.96 %) was again found as the major component in small trees during summer, while α-pinene was found to be the marker constituent in medium (24.41 %) and big sized trees (20.40 %), respectively. The results clearly indicated the occurrence of marker constituents in different seasons have high diverse potential in perfumery, cosmetic, food, and pharmaceutical industries, if the best season for harvesting is taken into account.