Volatile Profiles, Antioxidant, and Antimicrobial Activities of Essential Oils and Extracts of Different Parts from Sarcopoterium spinosum (L.) Spach Growing Wild in Sinop (Turkey)

Abstract

Volatile compositions of the hydrodistillated essential oils (EOs), SPME and SPME of hexane extracts from stems, leaves and roots of Sarcopoterium spinosum (L.) Spach. were investigated by means of GC and GC-MS. Vegetative organs were found to contain different volatile compounds. Oxygenated monoterpenes (20.7 %), aromatic compounds (33.0 %) and aldehydes (39.6 %) were identified as the main components in the EO of stems. Oxygenated sesquiterpenes (25.7 %), aliphatic hydrocarbons (21.2 %) and aldehydes (42.5 %) were found in high percentages in the EO of leaves, while aromatic compounds (48.4 %) and aldehydes (51.6 %) were found to be major constituent in the EO of roots. Aldehydes were the major groups in SPME of stems, leaves, and roots (81.3.2 %, 54.5 % and 41.7 %, respectively). The volatiles of the SPME analysis of hexane extracts were distinguished by predomination of aromatic compounds (68.0 % for stems and 73.1 % for leaves) and ketones (27.5 % for stems and 22.3 % for leaves). Hexane extract of leaves had antimicrobial property against Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus. But, hexane extract of stems only displayed activity against S. aureus. The methanol extracts of stems and leaves exhibited high activity against Methicillin Resistant S. aureus (MRSA), S. aureus, and Micrococcusluteus. All EOs inhibited the growth of Candida krusei, C. parapsilosis, MRSA, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, S. aureus, Vancomycin Resistant Enterococcus (VRE) and B. cereus. Furthermore, antioxidant activity of hexane extracts of stem and leaves and EOs of leaves were higher than that of methanol extracts.

Key words:

• Sarcopoterium spinosum (L.)
• essential oil
• GC-MS
• SPME
• biological activity