Essential Oil Chemical Diversity of Ducrosia anethifolia (DC.) Boiss. Accessions from Iran

Abstract

Ducrosia anethifolia (DC.) Boiss. is a medicinal plant that belongs to Apiaceae family. This plant uses in traditional medicine and food additives because of its medicinal properties and pleasant odor. In this study, the chemical compositions of D. anethifolia accessions were investigated. The aerial parts, together with flowers, were collected from D. anethifolia plant populations (Noorabad, Kazeroun, Shiraz (1-2), Firoozabad, Jahrom (1-2), Farashband, Ghir, and Darab) growing wild in Fars province, located in the southwestern of Iran. Results showed that the essential oils (EOs) of these accessions had noticeable changeability for major and minor components. In addition, analysis of variance showed that plant accessions had a signiûcantly effect on the EO content in plants of different regions. The highest EO yields were obtained from Jahrom2 (0.93 % (w/w)) and Shiraz2 (0.64% (w/w)) accessions. Seventy-five volatile compounds were identified by GC and GC/MS analysis. The main EO components were n-decanal (1.493-45.062 %), n-decanol (1.285-49.225 %), dodecanal (1.093-34.744 %), cis-chrysanthenyl acetate (0-26.609 %), α-pinene (0-16.539 %), (2E)-dodecenal (0.879-16.856 %), decanoic acid (0-12.626 %), n-nonanal (0.401-6.711 %), and caryophyllene oxide (0.113-5.873 %). In the analysis of EO components four chemotypes identified as n-decanal, dodecanal, cis-chrysanthenyl acetate, n-decanol of which the n-decanal chemotype is usually distributed in different parts of Iran. In conclusion, the chemical variability could be suggested to genetic and environmental factors as well as being useful in the improvement of D. anethifolia resources for food and pharmaceutical industries.

Key word:

• Ducrosia anethifolia
• accessions
• essential oils
• chemotype