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Abstract
This study aimed to develop a rapid and accurate analytical method for discriminating three lavender varieties (French blue, H-701, and C-197(2)) that could not be easily distinguished by volatile compounds. A total of 22 lavender samples from three varieties were analyzed by static headspace (HS) coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The experimental parameters including equilibrium time, equilibrium temperature and water addition were investigated. The optimal analytical conditions for 0.5 g of sample were as follows: an equilibrium time of 20 min, an equilibrium temperature of 90°C and a water volume of 2 mL. Using the proposed method, a total of 26 compounds in the lavender were identified. The results were further processed with a discriminative study by cluster analysis (CA) and principal component analysis (PCA) to detect clustering formation and to establish the relationships between varieties and their volatile components. These varieties were clearly differentiated according to the results of CA and PCA. These results suggested that static HS-GC-MS coupled with CA and PCA is a feasible and rapid technique to differentiate lavender varieties with similar morphological characteristics.