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Abstract
Crithmum maritimum L. (Apiaceae), known as Sea fennel, is a perennial plant, growing wild mainly on maritime rocks along with the Mediterranean countries, Pacific and Atlantic coasts. Traditionally, various parts of this plant have been used as a tonic, antiscorbutic, carminative, vermifuge and diuretic. Over the last years, the essential oil (EO) of sea fennel is widely used in the food and cosmetic industry. In the present study, the EOs of the aerial parts obtained from cultivated populations of two consecutive years (2016; 2017; Larissa-Central Greece) were analyzed by GC/MS. The main compounds of the EO derived from the cultivar of 2016 were sabinene (17.6 %), γ-terpinene (17.5 %), p-cymene (16.7 %), β-phellandrene (15.5 %), thymol methyl ether (9.3 %), terpinen-4-ol (4.8 %) and dillapiole (2.0 %). Though, the sample of 2017 included β-phellandrene (30.9 %), γ-terpinene (19.6 %), sabinene (15.8 %), thymol methyl ether (7.6 %), terpinen-4-ol (4.8 %) and dillapiole (0.1 %). A comparison was made between the two samples, as well as with the previous literature data. This is the first study deals with the chemical analysis of EOs from Greek cultivated C. maritimum. Our data revealed the presence of monoterpene hydrocarbons as the major constituents in both EOs and confirmed the presence of dillapiole in the Greek EOs of the specific plant.