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Original Articles

Understanding Security in Regionalism Framework: ASEAN Maritime Security in Perspective

Pages 72-89 | Published online: 15 Feb 2011
 

Abstract

The International Relations of Southeast Asia have been transformed drastically over the last few decades. The transformation can be attributed to the development of regionalism in the region, following the onset of ASEAN in 1967. Twenty-five years of political cooperation in ASEAN paved the formation of the ASEAN Free Trade Area in 1992. The upcoming ASEAN trade bloc has ushered the integration of the region in various other sectors – with regional security turning out to be the major beneficiary. Considering the fact that Southeast Asia is essentially a maritime region and the maritime space and strategic sea-lanes straddling the region determine the continued existence of these nations, it is pertinent to examine the impact of the regionalisation process on maritime security. The paper aims to highlight the contribution of regionalism towards a secured and stable Southeast Asia. It will examine the maritime cooperation in the region under the ASEAN umbrella.3

Notes

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2. Nicolas Tarling, Regionalism in Southeast Asia (London: Routledge, 2006), p. 7.

3. Barry Buzan, “The Southeast Asian Security Complex”, Contemporary Southeast Asia, 10, no. 1 (June 1988): 2.

4. Tarling, Regionalism in Southeast Asia, p. 8.

5. Paul Evans, “Economic and Security Dimensions of the Emerging Order in the Asia-Pacific”, in Southeast Asia in the New World Order, ed. David Wurfel and Bruce Burton (New York: St Martin's, 1996), p. 11.

6. Fredrik Söderbaum and Timothy M. Shaw, Theories of New Regionalism (New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2003), p. 7.

7. Tarling, Regionalism in Southeast Asia, p. 12.

8. Tarling, Regionalism in Southeast Asia, p. 9.

9. Helge Hveem, “The Regional Project in Global Governance”, in Theories of New Regionalism, pp.83–84, at p. 85.

10. Donald K. Emmerson, “Introduction”, in Hard Choices, ed. Donald K. Emmerson (Singapore: ISEAS, 2009), p.3.

11. Stephen Edward Bates, The New Regionalism: Comparing the Development of the EC Single Integrated Market, NAFTA and APEC (PhD diss., Australian National University, 1996).

12. Tarling, Regionalism in South East Asia, p. 96.

13. Statement at the Conference on ASEAN, 18–20 December 1975, quoted in Chaiyong Satjipanon, Economic and Political Collaboration of the Southeast Asian Nations (PhD thesis, Fletcher School, 1987), p. 31, quoted in, Nicholas Tarling, Regionalism in Southeast Asia (London: Routledge, 2006), p. 45.

14. Amitav Acharya, The Quest for Identity: International Relations of Southeast Asia (Singapore: Oxford University Press, 2000), p. 14.

15. Amitav Acharya, “Democratisation and the Prospects for Participatory Regionalism in Southeast Asia”, Third World Quarterly, 24, no. 2 (2003): 378.

16. Amitav Acharya, Constructing a Security Community in Southeast Asia (London: Routledge, 2001), p.27.

17. M. Leifer, ASEAN and the Security of South-East Asia (London: Routledge, 1989); J. Ruland, “ASEAN and the Asian Crisis: Theoretical Implications and Practical Consequences for Southeast Asian Regionalism”, The Pacific Review, 13, no. 3 (2000): 421–51; J. Henderson, “Reassessing ASEAN”, Adelphi Paper 328, 1999.

18. Shaun Narine, Explaining ASEAN: Regionalism in Southeast Asia (Colorado: Lynne Rienner, 2002), p.32.

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20. Jose Tongzon, “US-Singapore Free Trade Agreement: Implications for Singapore, Australia and Other ASEAN Countries”, in Regionalism, Trade and Economic Development in the Asia-Paci?c Region, ed. M.A.B. Siddique (Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar, 2007), n. xvii, p. 11.

21. Timo Kivimdki, “The Long Peace of ASEAN”, Journal of Peace Research, 38, no. 1(2000): 7.

22. Roger Irvine, “The Formative Years of ASEAN: 1967–1975”, in Understanding ASEAN, ed. A. Broinowski, (New York: St Martin's Australian IIA, 1982), p. 17.

23. Narine, Explaining ASEAN, p. 13.

24. Anushree Bhattacharyya, “Re-Visiting SAARC: Lessons from ASEAN”, World Focus, 360, no. 7 (July 2010): 297.

25. Anushree Bhattacharyya, “Re-Visiting SAARC: Lessons from ASEAN”, World Focus, 360, no. 7 (July 2010): 297.

26. Tarling, Regionalism in South East Asia, p. 96.

27. Amitav Acharya, “The Association of Southeast Asian Nationals: ‘Security Community’ or ‘Defence Community’?”, Pacific Affairs, 64, no. 2 (1991): 159.

28. Tarling, Regionalism in Southeast Asia, p. 97.

29. Ralf Emmers, Cooperative Security and the Balance of Power in ASEAN and the ARF (London: RoutledgeCurzon, 2003), p. 4.

30. Michael Leifer, The ASEAN Regional Forum: Extending ASEAN's Model of Regional Security, Adelphi Paper no. 302, London: International Institute for Strategic Studies, 1996, p. 23.

31. Tarling, Regionalism in Southeast Asia, p. 6.

32. Tarling, Regionalism in Southeast Asia, p. 161.

33. J.N. Mak, “Sovereignty in ASEAN and the Problem of Maritime Cooperation in the South China Sea”, Working Paper 156, Singapore: RSIS, 2008, p. 3.

34. J.N. Mak, “Sovereignty in ASEAN and the Problem of Maritime Cooperation in the South China Sea”, Working Paper 156, Singapore: RSIS, 2008, p. 3.

35. Kripa Sridharan, Kripa, “Regional Organizations and Conflict Management: Comparing ASEAN and SAARC”, Working Paper 33, Regional and Global Axes of Conflict, Crisis States Research Centre, 2008, www.crisisstates.com/download/wp/wpSeries2/wp33.2.pdf, (accessed May 20, 2010).

36. “About ASEAN”, ASEAN website, http://www.aseansec.org/about_ASEAN.html (accessed May 13, 2010).

37. Ernst Haas, When Knowledge Is Power: Three Models of Change in International Organizations (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1990), p.111.

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