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Original Articles

On the boundedness of prefix categories

ON THE BOUNDEDNESS OF PREFIX CATEGORIES

Pages 151-169 | Published online: 23 Jan 2012
 

Abstract

'n Fundamentele aanname wat deur baie morfoloë gemaak word, is dat prefikse gebonde morfeme is. Nog 'n aanname wat gemaak word, gewoonlik deur morfoloë wat werk binne die leksikalistiese raamwerk, is dat prefikskategorieë diskrete eenhede is. Hierdie morfoloë tref gewoon-lik 'n onderskeid tussen Klas I en Klas II prefikse. Elke klas het unieke Mem- en distribusionele eienskappe. Byvoorbeeld, Klas I prefikse beïnvloed klemtoekenning en word aan stamme en woorde geheg, terwyl Klas II prefikse klemtoekenning nie beïnvloed nie en slegs aan woorde heg.

In die artikel word 'n distribusionele eienskap van prefikse wat nie dikwels in die literatuur aandag geniet nie, naamlik gebondenheid, be-spreek. In die eerste deel van die artikel word verskeie bewerings wat in die literatuur gemaak word oor die gebondenheid van prefikse bespreek. Daar word ook gekyk na probleme wat morfolöe ondervind as hulle 'n onderskeid probeer tref tussen diskrete kategorieë van morfologiese vorme en soorte woordvorming. In die tweede deel van die artikel word verskeie standpunte oor die diskreetheid van kategorieë bespreek met spesiale verwysing na die werk van Bybee (1985) oor morfologiese kategorieë. Daarna word die grade van gebondenheid van verskeie Engelse prefikse bespreek.

A fundamental assumption made by linguists is that prefixes are bound morphemes which must be attached to a root or stem. Another fundamental assumption made by morphologists, particularly those working within the lexicalist paradigm, is that prefix categories constitute discrete entities with a distinction being drawn between Class I and Class II prefixes. Each class of prefixes can be uniquely defined in terms of certain stress and distributional properties. For example, while Class I prefixes are apparently stress determining and attach to words and stems, Class IIprefixes are stress neutral and attach to words only.

This article investigates one of the distributional properties of prefixes not addressed in most of the lexicalist literature, namely, that of boundedness. The first part of the article investigates claims made in the literature about the boundedness of various prefixes and also claims made, in passing, about the difficulty of distinguishing discrete categories of morphological forms and word formation. The second part of the article considers views on the non-discreteness of categories with special reference to the work of Bybee (1985) on morphological categories. In the final section of the article the different degrees of boundedness displayed by a selection of English prefixes are considered.

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