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Original Articles

Linguistic description in the service of history

Linguistic description in the service of history

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Pages 81-95 | Received 01 Oct 1997, Accepted 01 Mar 1998, Published online: 23 Jan 2012
 

Abstract

In die lig van die ernstige besnoeiings in die staatsfinansiering aan universiteite, sal daar waarskynlik toenemend van linguiste verwag word om hulle bestaan te regverdig. As reaksie hierop verduidelik hierdie artikel die waarde van analitiese kundighede en insigte in taal wat deur 'n linguistiese studie teweeggebring word. Daar word gewys hoe dis-koersanalise, in die lig van funksionele sistemiese grammatika, gebruik is in 'n kurrikulum- ontwikkelingsprojek in 'n geskiedenisdepartement aan 'n universiteit. Die linguiste en historici wat saamgewerk het aan hierdie projek het van die veronderstelling uitgegaan dat 'n post-positivistiese benadering tot historiese studie, wat geskiedenis as 'n diskur-siewe praktyk sien, die gewenste benadering is. Hulle het tot die slotsom gekom dat historici 'n metode van diskoers-analise benodig om geskiedenis te beoefen. Die taak van die linguiste was om 'n metode van analise te identifiseer wat dit kon bewerkstellig, en om voor te stel hoe dit toeganklik gemaak kon word vir studente in geskiedenis wat nie oor 'n lingustiek-agtergrond beskik nie. Die artikel ondersoek die potensiaal van kritiese diskoersanalise om hierdie behoefte aan te spreek. Dit doen verslag oor sommige van die bevindings van 'n kritiese analise van een van die vier historiese tekste waarop gefokus is. Voorbeelde van taalbewustheidsoefeninge wat op hierdie bevindings berus en wat ontwerp is om geskiedenisstudente te help om tekste te dekonstrueer, word gegee. Laastens word verslag gelewer oor die reaksies van historici op hulle ervaring van die gebruik van hierdie metode, en word daar gespekuleer oor die moontlikheid om 'n soortgelyke benadering tot kurrikulumontwikkeling in ander dissiplines te gebruik.

In the context of severe cuts in state funding for universities, linguists are likely to be called on to justify their existence to colleagues in their faculty and beyond. This article argues that critical linguistics, in particular, offers opportunities for demonstrating the value of the analytic skills and understandings of language that a study of linguistics supplies, to scholars addressing issues and problems in disciplines across the curriculum. To illustrate this value, an account is given of how critical discourse analysis informed by functional systemic grammar might contribute to curriculum development at university level. On the assumption that a post-positivist approach to historical studies, which understands history as discursive practice, is desirable, and that such an approach requires a method of discourse analysis to do history, this article explores the potential of critical discourse analysis for meeting this need. It provides an account of some of the findings of a critical analysis of one of the four historical texts focussed on in the research project on which this article is based. It gives examples of the language awareness exercises based on these findings that were designed to help students of history to deconstruct texts. Finally it reports on the responses of historians to the experience of using this method, and speculates on the possibility of using a similar approach to curriculum development in other disciplines.

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