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ABSTRACT
By using linear programming, this article develops a cost minimization model to deal with available environmental alternatives for electric power utilities. The main purpose of the proposed model is focused on disentangling dilemma for utilities on how to determine which kinds of schemes or alternatives would maximize the long-term benefit or be cost-effective. Cost components are classified as fixed and variable glossaries related to the characteristics of environmental alternatives from a long-term economic viewpoint. The model also incorporates the economy of extension alternatives such as expansion use of natural gas and other substitute fuels due to their emergence as the most prominent alternatives to ease the environmental impact in the future. The analysis results demonstrate the impact of aggregate emission control is serious, and fuel substitution from coal to natural gas embodies cost disadvantages.