An endogenous phototaxis rhythm was measured in newly hatched larvae from the estuarine shrimp Palaemonetes pugio. Shrimp were maintained in constant conditions and phototaxis tested using a 500‐nm light stimulus. Larvae exhibited large temporal variations in both positive and negative phototaxis, with peaks in responsiveness at 12—14h intervals. A constant phase relationship was observed between these peaks and tidal cycles in the field, regardless of the diel timing of the tides. Least squares fits of the data to a sine wave demonstrate a strong circatidal cycle in photoresponsiveness. The circa tidal pattern persists for 2–3 cycles in constant conditions, and is still expressed in larvae after 3 tidal cycles of embryonic development in the laboratory. We conclude that an endogenous circatidal rhythm affects the photobehavior of P. pugio larvae. If coupled with a tidal cycle in vertical migration in the field, the negative phototaxis rhythm could help the larvae avoid predators such as ctenophores.
Notes
Current addresse: †Department of Biology, University of Missouri‐St. Louis, 8001 Natural Bridge Road, St. Louis, MO 63121,
Current addresse: ‡Biology Department, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS 39203.